腹壁可触及肿物的医学影像鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 凹尿管息肉A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )凹尿管息肉可考凹和膀胱间，上会地不远处凹尿管的下1/3 ，但也可可考仅地不远处凹下。这些息肉可展现为仅仅无调谐或较高调谐。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 布11A，凹尿管息肉，此息肉已受病菌，实际上成份微弱调谐的混合物。B，凹尿管息肉，紧张的息肉前壁激发入射伪影。

..Endometriosis乳房上皮细胞乳癌Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).十二指肠乳房上皮细胞乳癌是乳房手术后的长期合并症，无特殊展现，但可于直到现在手术的瘢痕不远处见一局部肿物，并有周期普遍性的痛楚和出血。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 布12 ，剖宫产疤痕不远处乳房上皮细胞乳癌

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 十二指肠血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).褶直肌鞘血肿可发生于发作普遍性呕吐后、喷嚏或癫痫发作后，其根源上会是抗凝治疗或普遍性疾病疾病。由于血肿管制于褶直肌鞘内，上会不极大，其形似根据所不远处后方而定，在突起线以上，血肿都为卵圆形，椭圆形上下方向，可于左侧见过（布13A）；在突起线一般而言，由于褶白线缺如，可延展横过中线，因此血肿展现为分叶状，其较大弧度地不远处示意图上。在胎儿十二指肠血肿可可考凹上外侧延展（布13B、C）。术后发散普遍性微血管内免疫的病童可于十二指肠手术瘢痕临近见过大的血肿（布13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 布13A，一中年妇女无可避免呕吐后褶直肌鞘血肿，箭头指示褶横筋膜。B，胎儿十二指肠血肿。C，一胎儿凹静脉附着不远处上面的十二指肠血肿。UV，凹静脉。D，一发散普遍性微血管内免疫的剖宫产术后病童疤痕不远处十二指肠血肿。

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